Santé

Un nouveau traitement contre la cécité

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Selon une étude réalisée par le Centre universitaire de santé McGill (CUSM), un nouveau médicament administré par voie orale permettrait d’améliorer la vision des personnes atteintes d’amaurose congénitale de Leber, une maladie génétique qui endommage progressivement les récepteurs lumineux dans la rétine.

Publiée dans la revue scientifique médicale britannique The Lancet, l’étude a concerné 14 personnes âgées de 6 à 38 ans et issues de pays et d’environnements différents. Dix parmi elles ont pu voir leurs champs visuels s’élargir, tandis que les quatre autres ont remarqué une nette amélioration de leur acuité visuelle. Il leur a ainsi suffit d’avaler un comprimé par jour pendant une semaine.

Précisons que l’amaurose congénitale de Leber est susceptible d’entrainer la cécité du fait de la mutation des gènes RPE65 ou LRAT, ce qui rend difficile la production d’une molécule essentielle permettant de capter la lumière. Selon le Dr Robert Koenekoop, les cellules des personnes atteintes de cette maladie héréditaire peuvent demeurer inertes pendant des années avant de finir par mourir. Le médicament va donc faire en sorte de les activer.

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