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La myopie : des gènes responsables identifiés

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myopie_genes

La myopie est caractérisée par une vision imprécise de loin due à un œil trop long associé parfois à une cornée bombée. Corrigible par une opération au laser ou tout simplement par le port de lunettes ou de lentilles de contact, ce défaut visuel a longtemps été associé à des facteurs génétiques.

D’ailleurs on dit souvent que l’enfant de parents myopes a de très fortes chances de le devenir également. Néanmoins aucune étude scientifique n’a pu déterminer avec exactitude le ou les gène(s) responsable(s) de ce trouble réfractif oculaire.

Dans cette optique, une équipe de chercheurs internationaux s’est rassemblée au Consortium for Refraction and myopia (CREAM) pour examiner en profondeur des informations relatives à 32 études portant sur le sujet. Ainsi, les scientifiques ont pu analyser les données génétiques de 45.000 patients, ce qui leur a permis de dégager 24 gènes impliqués dans l’apparition de problèmes de réfraction dont la myopie.

Par conséquent, les scientifiques se sont concertés à dire que si ces 24 gènes étaient présents chez une personne, le risque qu’elle puisse développer une anomalie de la réfraction (myopie, astigmatisme, hypermétropie…) sera décuplé.

Des lunettes en galène signées Woodone
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